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Polygamy & Moral Relativism

By FreiFem · August 5, 2011

credit: Laura B Dahl

Yesterday, Warren Jeffs, a polygamist and the leader of the Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, was found guilty of sexual assault by a Texas jury. Jeffs was the leader of the Yearning for Zion Ranch which was raided by authorities in 2008 after reports of abuse. Remember those women in the news who looked remarkably like Borough Park residents with their long dresses and gigantic hair bumps?

Jeffs’ case and the raid both stirred up a lot of the debate regarding moral relativism. How can we judge if polygamy is wrong? How can the women painted as victims in this society really be victims if they adamantly defend their lifestyle and community?

In college, my goyish classmates and I used to frequently debate moral relativism, particularly the right of Western society to step in to “save” female “victims” of a culture, like the women in the polygamy raid. Perhaps somewhat perversely, I always defended the right of the “oppressed” women to continue to live their lives, no matter how victimized they appeared to us. I could remember how happy I was to be frum as a child, how I would have scorned that idea of being “rescued” from my limited, oppressed world.

Now, I’m not so sure.

What kind of choice do you really have to stay part of a polygamous cult (or a society that practices genital mutilation, or an oppressive patriarchicical society), if your entire conditioning has taught you that’s the only way to live?

It’s like Rumspringa, where religious rules are relaxed for Amish teens as they “sow their oats”. Rumspringa is lauded so often as a sign of Amish tolerance and openness, but what kind of freedom do those kids really have, when everything they’ve ever learned has taught them to reject and judge the experiences of the outside world?

On the other hand, how do we measure what lifestyle is considered severe enough that we can paternalistically step in and say: “We’re gonna rescue you from your culture for your own good”? How about girls being raised in Miami Beach who regularly undergo surgical, bodily-altering procedures because their culture indoctrinates them with a sense of inferiority otherwise?

I don’t have any clear answers for most of these questions, but one thing I do believe, is that a culture can be measured by how it treats people who want to leave. I can tolerate some pretty extreme practices, if people who want to leave that culture are given ample leeway to do so, without serious consequence to their safety, finances or family connections. If a culture has heavy consequences for those who leave, it leaves me doubting that it’s the culture alone that is compelling people to stay, and I’m a lot more likely to harshly judge the conditions people live under in that community, no matter how “willingly” they seem to cling to them.

Tags: hair bumps, moral relativism, Polygamy, raid, Rumspringa, Warren Jeffs
Recovered from the Wayback Machine (copy of 2015-11-05). Original page in the Wayback Machine.

22 Responses

Velvel Belkin · August 5, 2011 at 12:49 pm

I was semi impressed with this article as I read the beginning but had thought and grappled with many if not all the points raised , I even think we had a short exchange regarding this topic via comments on this blog.
But (I am starting a sentence with but because its a comment section) the last paragraph was what really blew me. It was such an interesting and new (at least to me) way of judging a society.

According to those religious societies which don’t allow their members to leave, they are doing what is best for that person by forcing them to act in their so called “own self interest”. I know this is an extreme example, but they would compare it to not allowing a person to commit suicide . I know I myself have heard frum people say , we need to force our children to be frum , because the same way we would save them from physically harming themselves, we need to save them from spiritually harming themselves. I differ with them , but wonder if my beliefs are a form of imperialism , albeit a perverse one.
I also think this gets into the question of ritual violence. Ok I think I have opened many cans of worms and maybe even barrels of them ,so I will stop here.

Justin · August 5, 2011 at 2:22 pm

Velvel says;
“I know I myself have heard frum people say , we need to force our children to be frum , because the same way we would save them from physically harming themselves, we need to save them from spiritually harming themselves.”

Allow me to add, i have friend who was struggling with life and faith as a teenager. He asked his father, who he upon occasion debated philosophy with, the following question. Honestly, as a devout Jew but also as my father,tell me, would you rather me be Frum but miserable, even be self destructive, or would you rather I find my own way and be healthy and happy, but not Frum?

His father, to his credit he always would answer honestly in their discussions instead of spouting vague reassuring kiruv like platitudes. His father answered, better to be Frum.

Better to be Frum then happy is a stretch I can’t ever agree with, but one can wrap the brain around. Better to be Frum then healthy is too far a stretch and crosses the line into a dangerous territory.

FreiFem · August 5, 2011 at 4:53 pm

VB: Yep, we started a similar conversation on an earlier FF piece (Meet My Wife, and My Husband), but I thought there was more to explore here, specifically about moral relativism (as opposed to just polygamy).

I think you’re right about opening cans of worms :-).

One could question the social norms that prohibit someone from committing suicide as just another (albeit somewhat different) form of restricting a group member from ‘leaving’…

Although I do think there is a distinction to be made between moving from one group to another, or one group and the general public, and one group and death (although I can imagine people arguing otherwise).

JG · August 5, 2011 at 9:34 pm

May be of interest:

There’s a theory in social psychology, based on expanding research, known as system justification theory. The basic idea is that people have a motivation to defend the status quo around them as just and fair, even when it works against them. So, disadvantaged groups in a society will often ironically believe in and support the very system that keeps them disadvantaged–not because it is actually just and fair, but because they are motivated to believe it is.

How to put that into action is a harder question. It doesn’t mean you should force people into choices that are “better for them”–that has often had even worse consequences throughout history, and people generally like freedom of choice–but it is something to keep in mind when thinking about cultural relativism and happiness.

JG · August 5, 2011 at 9:35 pm

Whoops–here’s a link that works:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_justification

Velvel Belkin · August 6, 2011 at 9:33 pm

Justin the query you bring up is an interesting one , one which I myself have asked my parents, in a different circumstance but with the same implications, and the message I have received is, it is better you should be frei , happy, and healthy. How fortunate is my lot , that I have such wise and understanding parents.
I believe that people getting killed (lets deal with the extreme because it is easier and more appropriate for a comment section as opposed to a 3 am conversation) is “so” morally wrong that I would intervene in another culture (i.e. the ritual violence practiced by some Native American tribes in South America) to stop it, even though that is paternalistic and goes against many of my libertarian believes. I would love to know Tova Shreiber’s (the Righteous Rasha’s ) opinion on this matter.

Justin · August 7, 2011 at 1:50 am

Velvel you were indeed fortunate to have understanding parents. But from the viewpoint of any religious fundamentalist how can that be the response?
According to them, frum way of life is the only way, i.e. if you violate one or many of certain commandments you will burn in hell forever therefore better to follow mitzvos even if you will be a miserable bastard who will forever feel repressed and end up beating your children out of frustration or something. So what, any kind of frum life is better then the life of a shaygetz.

I would think that has to be the fundamentalist view, no?

Velvel Belkin · August 7, 2011 at 12:13 pm

Justin I do think that would be the extreme fundamentalist view, but I also think practically many/some frum people’s love for their children triumphs over that fundamentalism. I think the only way the fundamentalist could get out of that view is to get into a rather technical discussion regarding what is considered pikuach nefesh.

Just to add onto your point a little, and say it in more absolute and maybe clearer terms. I think they would continue and extend their argument by saying, isn’t it better to have a terrible life on this earth but have ETERNAL paradise, then a good life on this earth but eternal hell?
I think the only way the fundamentalist could get out of that view is to get into a rather technical discussion of what is considered pikuach nefesh.

Jacob Stein · August 7, 2011 at 2:16 pm

How do atheists treat children who become devout monotheists? How have atheist governments treated monotheists?

And according to atheism, since people are merely soulless bags of chemicals, why should any abuse of people be a bad thing? And in any case, since we are really zombies who have no free will, how can any act be condemned? My brain chemistry made me do it.

Velvel Belkin · August 7, 2011 at 2:31 pm

Jacob I wonder what you consider an atheist government, most atheist have moral systems , i.e. Kants , or Mills etc. So I wonder whihc government applied an atheist system of government. In other words for a government to declare itself atheist is meaningless if it does not follow an atheist code of morality.
Unless you argue that there is no morality in atheism , because all morality has to come from a divine power. If you believe that , at least try and understand the other side that there is morality in atheism, that does not mean to drop your opinion , but merely to understand the other side.

Velvel Belkin · August 7, 2011 at 2:34 pm

Oh and Jacob by the way , how is your argument relevant , who cares how atheist treat their children that does not increase or diminish the morality of the way religious ones do?
Also can you please answer the following question,tell me, would you rather me be Frum but miserable, even be self destructive, or would you rather I find my own way and be healthy and happy, but not Frum?” (quoted from Justin’s comment)

Jacob Stein · August 7, 2011 at 3:55 pm

“I wonder what you consider an atheist government”

Soviet Union, China, North Korea, etc.

“most atheist have moral systems , i.e. Kants , or Mills etc”

Those are silly attempts to camouflage nihilism.

“who cares how atheist treat their children that does not increase or diminish the morality of the way religious ones do?”

I’m just pointing out that most parents have little tolerance for radically rebellious children, whether Amish or atheist or whatever. Some average American kid in Iowa who puts on a yarmulke and converts to Orthodox Judaism will probably be just as much an outcast from family and friends as the Hasidic kid in Brooklyn who takes off his yarmulke and becomes an atheist.

“would you rather me be Frum but miserable, even be self destructive, or would you rather I find my own way and be healthy and happy, but not Frum”

Orthodox Judaism requires martyrdom instead of apostasy.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martyrdom_in_Judaism

Velvel Belkin · August 7, 2011 at 5:16 pm

OK Jacob Stein , I tried to honestly discuss an issue with you , but you don’t discuss you dismiss , making a serious conversation impossible. So I give up.
I will address your second point but without the expectation of having a serious dialogue. You are right most people want their children to grow up like them , but the extremes prevalent in the orthodox (especially chareidi) community are much more radical, i.e. mourning a child for marrying a non Jew.
The third point you won’t answer straight, but let me just paraphrase , you would rather your child be depressed (as long as they are not suicidal) and frum , then happy and frei.

Jacob Stein · August 7, 2011 at 6:32 pm

“So I give up.”

I think you just dismissed, instead of discussed.

“but the extremes prevalent in the orthodox (especially chareidi) community are much more radical”

Ever talked to some converts to Judaism about how their family reacted? You might be surprised. There’s a range of reactions, but basically people feel, “Me, good; not like me, not good.”

Take for example the immigration issue in America. Would people be so worried about illegal immigrants if they were coming from Canada instead of Mexico? But aren’t American’s supposed to be so open minded and unprejudiced?

Velvel Belkin · August 7, 2011 at 7:05 pm

Yes Jacob, but I also came knowing your history on this website and others, so I gave you one chance to see if you wanted to have an honest conversation and I got my info, the answer was a loud no.

Jacob Stein · August 7, 2011 at 8:08 pm

I think the answer is that you’re in denial.

Velvel Belkin · August 7, 2011 at 8:20 pm

Yes you figured it out, I am being chozer betshuvah right now , barega chadah as the gemara says.

Jacob Stein · August 7, 2011 at 8:57 pm

Excellent choice.

You know, if you are a heretic, true repentance will probably kill you, the strain is so great. If this happens, please ask your survivors to email me the address of your funeral home and I hope to be able to eulogize you, my schedule permitting.

Best of luck!

Justin · August 7, 2011 at 9:27 pm

Velvel don’t waste your time debating with Jacob Stein.I’m sure you have seen his blog and read his life story.

I have thought about composing a short sketch of Mr. Stein, his life and views, and post it following his posts on various webpages. It would explain and perhaps analyze Mr. Stein’s life story in detail, including his turbulent teenage years as he struggled with growing to maturity in an evolving and confusing time.

A rough adolescence was compounded by him having to grapple with an identity crisis as an adopted child whose birth parents did not want him. His unfortunate adopted brother struggled with mental breakdowns and poor Jacob could not deal with his life, a hard life, one in which it was difficult to find purpose and meaning.

Jacob was a thoughtful teenager. He read many books and, unlike his contemporaries who were interested in girls and weed and getting into a good school, he would think about life and his place in it. After much exploring, Young Jacob stumbled across Orthodox Judaism through an Avigdor Miller tape he found in the library. The ideas Miller expounded upon fascinated young Jacob. Here was a system, a life that gave reason to everything. And better yet, every action and every thought can be dictated to me and I have to think for myself no longer. Never mind that I may be sacrificing my individuality or freedom, now I have a course to which I can set my compass by, Jacob thought.
It was a wonderful life. Jacob bid a somewhat harsh adieu to his heartbroken Lutheran parents and flew off to Israel to lose himself in study. Life was good. He wed another convert and together they lived a simple but holy existence. Occasionally Jacob would think of the world he left behind or the books and ideas that he was now forbidden to peruse. But it was good, and the Rabbi’s always had a clever answer to any doubts or questions he may have. Years passed.

Slowly, certain things began to fall apart. The brother back home killed himself. Jacob’s wife left him and Orthodoxy in order to explore her creative interests back home. Shattered, Jacob left Bnei Brak and his dreams of becoming a Rabbi, moved to Queens, and became a computer programmer. He built a new life, married anew. But his checkered painful history has left him at times filled with emptiness. The Orthodoxy that he once thought had all the answers ultimately did not leave him fufilled. Life was hard. One of his children was debilitated with disabilities. Miller’s god did not account for all these agonizing things. But instead of turning his back on the religion which niggled painfully at him, Jacob went in the opposite direction. He researched the harsh and condemning biblical edicts and appointed himself a champion for Yahweh. To hate is to live, someone once said, and in hate Jacob discovered new purpose. The gays the atheists and the abortionists, all were crushed under the wrath of God, wielded by his new champion, Jacob Stein. Jobless, Jacob finds meaning furiously blogging about his eternal truths. He has been described as a Jewish version of the AntiAntiChrist. The whorerish premarital sex mongers are just one segment of the population to fall under Mr. Stein’s newfound religious fury. The death deserving gays are another.

Stein’s two main obsessions that he rails against seem to be atheists and sex. Amateur psychologists have reasoned that the first may be a reaction to his own doubts regarding the authenticity of his chosen life. The second, they claim, is a natural reaction of an older man who just may have “a little problem” and is reluctant to turn to the little pill.

All in all, we must take Mr. Stein’s rants with the proverbial heavy dose of salt. No need to get upset with him so much as we should sympathize with what is obviously a very troubled existence.

Velvel Belkin · August 7, 2011 at 10:27 pm

All I can say Justin is thanks.

Jacob Stein · August 8, 2011 at 12:36 am

Do I notice a little bit of ad hominen here? Well, no matter. Without logical fallacies, atheists would be completely lost. There is no other way they can prop up their absurd and toxic world view.

sarah · August 8, 2011 at 10:25 pm

The way with which you judge societies, based on how they treat members who wish to leave is an interesting one, thanks for introducing it.

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